Institutions and Political Party Systems: The Euro Case

Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde & Tano Santos. This paper argues that institutions and political party systems are simultaneously determined. A large change to the institutional framework, such as the creation of the euro by a group of European countries, will realign after…
Read More

Federalism as a Constitutional Concept

Richard H. Fallon, Jr. Debates about constitutional federalism—by which I roughly mean the division of powers and responsibilities between the national and state governments1—abound.2 Participants typically cast such debates as constitutional in character. Nearly invariably, however, policy concerns exert a…
Read More

Voting vs. Moving: Exit and Voice Mechanisms in the EU Federalism

Rosamaria Bitetti. European economic crisis has put a strain to the European Union governance model, which has been for a long time characterized by a multi-layered decision-making process, affected more by expert-technocratic knowledge than by democratic participation. This paper analyzes two…
Read More

Regulatory Consistency Requirements in International Trade

Alan O. Sykes. One of the most challenging tasks for international trade agreements is to distinguish protectionist regulation from legitimate regulatory policies. An important set of tools in this regard may be termed “regulatory consistency requirements.” These include the national treatment…
Read More

Liberal Internationalism and the Populist Backlash

Eric A. Posner. A populist backlash around the world has targeted international law and legal institutions. Populists see international law as a device used by global elites to dominate policymaking and benefit themselves at the expense of the common people.…
Read More

A (Qualified) Defense of Secret Agreements

Ashley S. Deeks. This article sets out to describe and defend—with certain qualifications—the use of secret commitments in contemporary practice, with a focus on those to which the United States is a party. Secret commitments should not always be viewed…
Read More