COVID-19 and Tribes: The Structural Violence of Federal Indian Law*

2020, Online, Online Volume 2 (2020) COVID-19 Symposium
Aila Hoss** Full Article. I.    Introduction II.  Federal Indian Law and Health Outcomes III. Federal Indian Law and COVID-19 IV. The Structural Violence of Federal Indian Law in COVID-19 Response I. Introduction Like countless other health conditions,[1] the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in inequalities.[2] People of color are experiencing not only higher rates of COVID-19 infections[3] but also worse outcomes from the infection.[4] American Indians and Alaska Natives are experiencing COVID-19 infections at higher rates than other groups across several states including Arizona,[5] New Mexico,[6]and Wisconsin.[7] The Navajo Nation, in particular, has been adversely impacted by COVID-19. As of the 2010 census, Navajo citizenship is around 300,000 people[8] although more recent numbers cite citizenship population at over 350,000.[9] The Tribe has had over 10,780 cases with 571 deaths as…
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COVID-19, Telehealth, and Substance Use Disorders*

2020, Online, Online Volume 2 (2020) COVID-19 Symposium
By Stacey A. Tovino** Full Article. I.    Introduction II.  The Changing Telehealth Regulatory Landscape A. Payment Parity B. Originating Sites C. Communication Systems D. In-Person Medical Evaluations E. Telehealth Services and Telehealth Providers F. In-State Licensure G. Privacy and Security III.  Conclusion I. Introduction A number of federal and state determinations, proclamations, statutes, regulations, executive orders, and notices of enforcement discretion (hereinafter authorities) have supported the rapid and unprecedented de-regulation of telehealth and telemedicine in the United States during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.[1] On January 31, 2020, for example, Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Alex M. Azar II (Secretary Azar) used the authority vested in him under Section 319 of the Public Health Service Act[2] to formally determine that a public health emergency (PHE) existed in…
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COVID-19 in American Prisons: Solitary Confinement is Not the Solution*

2020, Online, Online Volume 2 (2020) COVID-19 Symposium
Nicole B. Godfrey**   & Laura L. Rovner*** Full Article.  Introduction I.    Solitary Confinement and its Harms II.  The Harms of the COVID-19 Pandemic to Incarcerated People III. Solitary and the COVID-19 Pandemic A. The Muddled Eighth Amendment Doctrine B. Deference to Prison Officials C. Resistance to Release Conclusion Introduction As of November 12, 2020, at least 182,593 people incarcerated in American prisons, jails, and detention centers have tested positive for COVID-19; 1,412 incarcerated people have died.[1] As the disease spread rapidly across the country (and world) in March 2020, public and prison health experts warned that jails and prisons could become incubators of the highly infectious disease.[2] Recognizing the risk posed to the nation’s incarcerated population, public health officials issued interim guidance meant to assist prison officials seeking to…
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Mental Health and the Aged in the Era of COVID-19*

2020, Online, Online Volume 2 (2020) COVID-19 Symposium
Barbara Pfeffer Billauer** Full Article.  I. Introduction II. A Policy of Disposable Oldsters and the effects of Isolation A. Elder-Oriented CoVid Policies B. The Culture of the Disposable Elderly III. Stress and Quarantine–a Cause and a Marker for Disease A. A Policy Fostering Adverse Mental Health B. Non-CoVid Deaths IV. Flawed Data Driving Policy and Artificially Inflating Deaths A. NYS Nursing Home Study and the Impact of Confounders V. Conclusion: The Law of Unintended Consequences and a Call for Therapeutic Justice I. Introduction Before CoVid felled the planet, the number of new cases of dementia every year tallied at ten million, or one new case every three seconds.[1] Alzeheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia—which is fatal—affected 10% of Americans over sixty-five,[2] some 4.7 million people.[3] In recent years…
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Enabling the Best Interests Factors*

2020, Online, Online Volume 2 (2020) COVID-19 Symposium
By Adrián E. Alvarez** Full Article.  I.    Introduction II.  ORR’s Use of Admissions of Prior Gang Affiliation in Therapy Sessions III. The Best Interests of the Child and Access to Mental Health Services A. Best Interests of the Child Standard B. Unaccompanied Minors Right to Mental Health C. Using Therapy Notes To “Step Up” Minors Violates the TVPRA IV. Disability Law Can Provide Added Protections Within the Best Interests Framework I. Introduction For over a century, state courts and other child welfare agencies in the United States have been applying the “best interests of the child standard” to all decision-making concerning children.[1] The standard is also enshrined within the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)—a treaty that every nation in the world has ratified except the…
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COVID-19 and Individuals with Developmental Disabilities: Tragic Realities and Cautious Hope*

2020, Online, Online Volume 2 (2020) COVID-19 Symposium
Samuel J. Levine** Full article.  I.    Introduction—The COVID-19 Crisis II.  Tragic Realities III. Conclusion—Cautious Hope I. Introduction—The COVID-19 Crisis The COVID-19 pandemic has cast the United States, along with the rest of the world, into a time of crisis and uncertainty unlike any other in recent memory. Months into the pandemic, there is scant agreement among scientists, government officials, and large segments of the public, both domestic and abroad, as to determining the causes and workings of the virus, designing appropriate and effective responses to the outbreak, and constructing accurate assessments of the future—or even of the present.[1] Indeed, the availability of concrete information about the virus and its effects is grossly inadequate and often replaced by anecdotal or impressionistic depictions, not infrequently accompanied by rumor and speculation. Perhaps…
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The Case for a Taking: Apple and the Government’s Mandated Law Enforcement Backdoor

2020, Past Issues, Print, Volume 52 (2020) Issue 2 (Summer)
Brian Teed. The holidays had arrived, and on December 2, 2015, San Bernardino County threw a party for its staff. The merriment turned to terror when a man and a woman stormed the building, carving through the attendees in a chaos of bullets. Law enforcement arrived quickly, shooting and killing both attackers, Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik. The two shooters took fourteen lives and injured twenty-one people. Full Article.
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Doctored Claims

2020, Past Issues, Print, Volume 52 (2020) Issue 2 (Summer)
Stephen Kaneshiro. Home health aide Shu-Ying Xu was injured on the job while trying to keep a patient from falling. The injury caused such debilitating pain the Social Security Administration considered her “totally disabled.” Still, Ms. Xu’s workers’ compensation insurer had her undergo an independent medical examination (“IME”) to review her injury, and sent her to Dr. Wayne Kerness. Dr. Kerness did not ask her any questions, completing the exam in two minutes. His report said Ms. Xu could resume working because her disability was only mild. His report also claimed she spoke English (which she did not), and she took no medications (while she took nine). When confronted by these discrepancies, Dr. Kerness admitted only that he erroneously reported Ms. Xu’s English capabilities and affirmed the rest. Full Article.
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Attorneys’ Fees and the Interpretation of Costs Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(d)

2020, Past Issues, Print, Volume 52 (2020) Issue 2 (Summer)
Morgan Goodin. Judge Learned Hand’s well-known and widely shared dread of lawsuits emphasizes the importance of the goals of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(d): deterrence of both frivolous lawsuits and forum shopping. Rule 41(d) applies to a plaintiff who previously voluntarily dismissed its suit but chooses to refile against the same defendant based on the same claim. By its terms, Rule 41(d) generally deals with two groups of plaintiffs: the particularly persistent true believer or the wealthy forum-shopper. Full Article.
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